Stanley, Amy. Selling Women: Prostitution, Markets, and the Household in Early Modern Japan. University of California Press, 2012. 

 

Gramlich-Oka, Bettina, et al. Women and Networks in Nineteenth-Century Japan, University of Michigan Press, 2020. ProQuest Ebook Central, https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/sophia-jp/detail.action?docID=6384227.

 

De Becker, J. E. The Nightless City, or, the History of the Yoshiwara Yūkwaku. C.E. Tuttle Co, 1971. 

Longstreet, Stephen, et al. Geishas and the Floating World: Inside Tokyo's Yoshiwara Pleasure District. Tuttle Publishing, 2020. 

Seigle, Cecilia Segawa. Yoshiwara: The Glittering World of the Japanese Courtesan. Univ. of Hawaii Press, 1993. 

“歴史秘話ヒストリア 【花魁の真実　江戸・吉原遊郭の光と影】.” 歴史秘話ヒストリア , episode 135, 23 Jan. 2013. 

https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x3gzctn

Yokoyama, Yuriko. “The Yūjo Release Act as Emancipation of Slaves in Mid- 19th-Century Japan.” Abolitions as a Global Experience, NUS Press, Singapore, 2016. 

浮世絵に見る江戸吉原、佐藤/要人、藤原/千恵子、ふくろうの本、２００７

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Images 

Utagawa Hiroshige, Marusei, Toto meisho, National Diet Library, Japan, Shin Yoshiwara | The Landmarks of Edo in Color Woodblock Prints (ndl.go.jp)

Utagawa Hiroshige, The Entrance to Yoshiwara at Dawn, 1857, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Designed by Utagawa Hiroshige | The Entrance to the Yoshiwara at Dawn | Japan | Edo period (1615–1868) | The Metropolitan Museum of Art (metmuseum.org)

Hishikawa Moronobu, Early Evening at a Yoshiwara Inn, Edo period, late 17th century, https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/early-evening-at-a-yoshiwara-inn-hishikawa-moronobu/eQGZ9Ql_ioS0ig 

Kitagawa Utamaro “One Day in the Yoshiwara : Hours of the Hare (around 6:00)” (1st tern), http://www.ukiyoe-ota-muse.jp/exhibition-eng/oiran-fashion-eng 

Kitagawa Utamaro “Seven Beauties in the Yoshiwara : Courtesan Tagasode of the Daimonji-ya House”, Fashion in the Yoshiwara Pleasure Quarter | 太田記念美術館 Ota Memorial Museum of Art (ukiyoe-ota-muse.jp)

Hiroshige Utagawa, Aito, Tato sanjurokkei, Yoshiwara Nakanomachi, National Diet Library Japan,Yoshiwara Nakanomachi | The Landmarks of Edo in Color Woodblock Prints (ndl.go.jp) 

Utagawa Hiroshige, Edo ziman sanjurokukyo, Shin Yoshiwara Nakanomachi no sakura, Hiranoya, Shin Yoshiwara Nakanomachi no sakura | The Landmarks of Edo in Color Woodblock Prints (ndl.go.jp)

歌川豊国「霜釖曽根崎心中　天満屋おはつ・平野屋徳兵衛」国会図書館蔵　https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/1311304

The view of Yoshiwara shows harimise on both sides of the Nakanochō main street. The mikaeri yanagi, or “looking-back willow,” is said to have taken its name from the wistful backward glances of men leaving the pleasure district. Tōto Shin-Yoshiwara ichiran (View of Shin-Yoshiwara in the Eastern Capital) by Hiroshige II. (Courtesy Tokyo Metropolitan Central Library) , The Courtesans of Yoshiwara | Nippon.com

Utagawa Hiroshige, Yoshiwara Nihonzutsumi, National Diet Library, Japan, Yoshiwara Nihonzutsumi | The Landmarks of Edo in Color Woodblock Prints (ndl.go.jp)